Dealing with Irrigation
& Water resources engineering

Visit us at

304 Elephanta Isle, Paris
10092, France

Message us

hello@beautiful.com (205) 544-6558

Contact Form

Name

Email

Message

Video

paypal

Biological methods of weed control

 Biological methods of weed control utilize living organisms or their products to manage weed populations in agricultural fields or natural ecosystems. These methods have both merits and demerits, which are outlined below:



Merits of Biological Weed Control:


1. Environmentally friendly: Unlike chemical herbicides, biological weed control methods do not leave harmful residues in the environment, reducing the risk of pollution.


2. Target-specific: Biological control agents are often species-specific, meaning they mainly affect the target weed species, leaving non-target plants unharmed.


3. Long-lasting effects: Some biological control agents can establish themselves and persist in the ecosystem, providing prolonged weed suppression.


4. Suitable for difficult conditions: Biological methods can be used in adverse soil and climatic conditions where manual weeding might not be feasible.


5. Early weed control: Some biological agents can control weeds even before they emerge, allowing crops to germinate and grow in a weed-free environment.


6. Complement to other control methods: Biological methods can be used in conjunction with other weed control measures, enhancing overall weed management.


7. Reduced need for tillage: Using biological methods may reduce the need for pre-planting tillage, which can be beneficial for soil conservation.


8. Controls perennial weeds: Biological control can be effective against perennial weed species that are challenging to manage through mechanical means.


9. In situ control: Biological control agents can control weeds directly in the field, preventing the dispersal of weed species through seeds as can happen with mechanical control.


10. Labor-saving and cost-effective: In areas where labor is scarce and expensive, biological methods can be more economical than manual weeding.


11. Suitable for minimum tillage systems: Biological weed control aligns well with minimum tillage concepts, which promote sustainable agricultural practices.


Demerits of Biological Weed Control:


1. Slow action: Biological control methods may take time to establish and show results, and they might not provide immediate control.


2. Risk of unintended effects: Although biological agents are often specific to the target weed, there is a risk of unintended effects if the control agent affects non-target species.


3. Technical knowledge requirement: Effective application of biological control may require specific technical knowledge for calibration and implementation.


4. Residual effects: Some biological control agents may leave residual effects in the environment, affecting non-target organisms.


5. Limited availability of agents: Suitable biological control agents may not be available for all weed species, especially in mixed and inter-cropping systems.


6. Environmental conditions: The effectiveness of biological control agents can be influenced by environmental factors, such as temperature and humidity.


7. Cost: Some biological control agents might be expensive to produce and distribute.


8. Need for monitoring: Continuous monitoring is necessary to assess the effectiveness and impact of biological control agents.


It's essential to carefully assess the suitability and potential risks of using biological control methods for weed management and to integrate them with other appropriate weed control strategies for effective and sustainable weed management.

Tips for a Successful Sweet Potato Harvest! 🍠🌱



1/ Sweet potatoes are a delightful addition to any garden! 🏡 Whether you're a seasoned gardener or a beginner, these tips will help you grow luscious sweet potatoes and enjoy a bountiful harvest. 🍠🌿 #GardeningTips #SweetPotatoes

2/ Choose the Right Variety: Start by selecting a sweet potato variety that suits your climate and growing conditions. Some varieties are better suited for specific regions, so do your research before planting. 🌞🌿 #GardenPlanning #SweetPotatoVarieties

3/ Prepare Quality Soil: Sweet potatoes thrive in well-draining, loose, and sandy soil with good fertility. Aim for a pH level between 5.8 and 6.2 to create the perfect environment for these tasty tubers! 🌱🌾 #SoilPreparation #GardenTips

4/ Embrace Warmth: Sweet potatoes love warmth, so ensure your growing season provides enough of it. These tropical darlings won't disappoint when the temperatures are right! 🌡️🔥 #WarmClimateGardening #SweetPotatoLove

5/ Soak Slips or Cuttings: Starting with slips or cuttings is an excellent way to grow sweet potatoes. Place them in water until roots develop, and then gently transplant them into the soil. 💧🌱 #GardeningHacks #PlantPropagation

6/ Mindful Planting: When planting sweet potatoes, make sure the soil is loose and airy. Plant the slips or cuttings about 4-6 inches deep, with a spacing of 12-18 inches between plants. Give them enough room to grow and spread their vines. 🌱📏 #PlantingTips #GardenSpace

7/ Watering Wisdom: Sweet potatoes need regular watering, especially during dry spells. Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Strive for a balanced watering routine to ensure healthy growth. 💧💦 #WateringGuide #GardenCare

8/ Mulch Magic: Applying organic mulch around the sweet potato plants serves multiple purposes. It retains moisture, suppresses weeds, and regulates soil temperature – all essential for successful sweet potato cultivation! 🍂🍃 #MulchingBenefits #Gardening

9/ Fertilize Wisely: Use a balanced fertilizer to provide essential nutrients during the growing season. But remember, too much nitrogen can lead to excessive vine growth at the expense of tuber development. 🍃🍅 #FertilizationTips #NutrientBalance

10/ Weeding Woes: Keep your sweet potato patch weed-free to reduce competition for nutrients and water. Regularly check for unwanted guests and pull them out to ensure a healthy harvest. 🌿🚫 #Weeding101 #GardenMaintenance

11/ Vining Support: Sweet potato vines can sprawl, taking up valuable space in your garden. Consider providing a trellis or support for them to grow vertically, making the most of your garden's real estate. 🌿🌳 #GardenSupport #VerticalGardening

12/ Pest and Disease Watch: Vigilance is crucial! Regularly inspect your plants for signs of pests or diseases. If any issues arise, use natural remedies or appropriate pesticides to protect your sweet potato crop. 🕵️‍♂️🌿 #GardenCare #PlantHealth

13/ Harvest with Care: After 90-170 days, depending on the variety, your sweet potatoes will be ready for harvesting. Take care not to damage the tubers during the process. Your delicious and well-earned harvest awaits! 🍠🌾 #HarvestingTips #GardenHarvest




14/ We hope these tips help you grow an abundant and delightful sweet potato harvest! 🌿🍠 Don't forget to share your success and favorite sweet potato recipes with us. Happy gardening! 🌱🏆 #HappyHarvesting #GardenersCommunity

 

Top 20 poultry farming tips:


  1. Choose the right location for the farm, away from pollution and predators, and easily accessible from main roads.
  2. Get proper training and knowledge before starting a poultry farm to avoid costly mistakes.
  3. Provide ample space and good ventilation for the birds to thrive.
  4. Ensure a pollution-free environment and access to clean, fresh drinking water.
  5. Conduct a feasibility study and write a business plan before starting the farm.
  6. Select suitable poultry breeds based on your market preferences (meat or egg production).
  7. Start small and expand gradually as your business grows and demands increase.
  8. Pay attention to the temperature requirements of baby chickens for proper growth.
  9. Choose between broiler (meat production) and layer (egg production) farming.
  10. Invest in good poultry equipment, including feeders, waterers, cages, and lighting systems.
  11. Properly manage feeding and nutrition to ensure high productivity and growth rates.
  12. Maintain good litter and waste management to ensure a healthy environment for the birds.
  13. Control lighting to maximize egg production in layers and provide sufficient light for baby chicks.
  14. Ensure proper water management to meet the birds' high water needs.
  15. Focus on disease prevention through vaccination and regular health checks.
  16. Develop a comprehensive business plan with clear goals, target market, and marketing strategy.
  17. Consider the costs of setting up and running the poultry farm before starting.
  18. Invest in high-quality chicken breeds and avoid buying old or sick birds.
  19. Be prepared to handle different poultry diseases and provide appropriate treatment.
  20. Implement hygiene practices to prevent the spread of infections.
  21. Market your poultry products strategically to ensure a steady demand and price stability.

  22. Explore government loan options and consult a financial advisor to fund your poultry business.

These tips provide a good foundation for starting and managing a successful poultry farm. Remember that poultry farming requires dedication, attention to detail, and continuous learning to achieve sustainable growth and profitability.

 

List of things to consider when growing tomatoes


Growing tomatoes can be a rewarding and enjoyable experience, but it requires attention to several important factors to ensure a successful harvest. Here are some key considerations when growing tomatoes:







  1. Location: Choose a sunny spot with at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight daily. Tomatoes thrive in warm temperatures, so ensure the location has good air circulation and is protected from strong winds.
  2. Soil: Tomatoes prefer well-draining, loamy soil with a pH between 6.0 and 6.8. Amend the soil with organic matter like compost to improve fertility and drainage.
  3. Varieties: Select tomato varieties that suit your climate and growing conditions. Some are better suited for hot climates, while others do well in cooler regions. Check the seed packets or ask a local gardening expert for advice.
  4. Planting: Plant tomato seedlings or transplants after the last frost date for your area. If starting from seeds, begin indoors about 6-8 weeks before the last frost. When transplanting, bury the stem deep in the soil to encourage root growth.
  5. Spacing: Space tomato plants adequately to provide good airflow and prevent diseases. Indeterminate varieties should be spaced about 18-24 inches apart, and determinate varieties can be placed closer, around 12-18 inches apart.
  6. Support: Tomatoes benefit from support as they grow, especially indeterminate varieties that can become quite tall. Use stakes, cages, or trellises to keep the plants upright and make harvesting easier.
  7. Watering: Consistent watering is crucial, especially during dry spells or when the fruit is forming. Water at the base of the plant to avoid wetting the foliage, which can promote disease. Aim to keep the soil evenly moist but not waterlogged.
  8. Mulching: Apply a layer of organic mulch around the base of the plants to help retain moisture, regulate soil temperature, and prevent weed growth.
  9. Fertilization: Tomatoes are heavy feeders. Use a balanced fertilizer or one specifically formulated for tomatoes to provide essential nutrients throughout the growing season.
  10. Pruning: Indeterminate tomatoes may require pruning to remove suckers (side shoots) that grow in the leaf axils. This encourages stronger growth and helps concentrate energy on fruit production.
  11. Pest and Disease Management: Keep an eye out for common tomato pests like aphids, tomato hornworms, and whiteflies. Consider using natural remedies or organic pest control methods to protect your plants from damage. Likewise, be aware of common tomato diseases like blight, and take preventive measures such as crop rotation and using disease-resistant varieties.
  12. Harvesting: Harvest tomatoes when they are fully ripe for the best flavor. Gently twist or cut them from the vine to avoid damaging the plant.

Business Plan: Vegetable and Fruits Business


1. Executive Summary: The vegetable and fruits business aims to provide high-quality, fresh produce to our customers while promoting healthy eating habits within the community. We will specialize in a wide range of locally sourced and organic vegetables and fruits, targeting health-conscious consumers who value freshness and sustainability. Our business will be based on strong supplier relationships, efficient logistics, and exceptional customer service to gain a competitive advantage in the market.



2. Company Description:

  • Name: FreshHarvest
  • Location: [City], [Country]
  • Legal Structure: Sole Proprietorship/LLC (Limited Liability Company)

3. Market Analysis:

  • Target Market: Health-conscious individuals, local residents, restaurants, and grocery stores in [City] and its surrounding areas.
  • Market Trends: Growing demand for fresh, organic, and locally sourced produce due to increasing awareness of health and environmental benefits.
  • Competitors: Identify key competitors and analyze their strengths and weaknesses.

4. Products and Services:

  • Offering a diverse range of locally grown, seasonal vegetables, and fruits.
  • Emphasizing organic and sustainably produced items.
  • Ensuring high-quality produce through careful sourcing and storage

5. Marketing and Sales Strategy:

  • Branding: Establish a strong brand identity with an emphasis on freshness, health, and community support.
  • Online Presence: Develop a user-friendly website and engage customers through social media platforms.
  • Local Advertising: Utilize flyers, banners, and local publications to raise awareness.
  • Partnerships: Collaborate with grocery stores and restaurants to expand our distribution reach.
  • Customer Loyalty Program: Implement a loyalty program to reward repeat customers.

6. Operations:

  • Supplier Management: Build and maintain strong relationships with local farmers and suppliers to ensure a steady supply of fresh produce.
  • Storage and Handling: Invest in proper storage facilities and implement efficient handling processes to maintain product quality.
  • Transportation: Establish a reliable transportation system to ensure timely deliveries.
  • Quality Control: Implement strict quality control measures to guarantee fresh and top-notch products.

7. Financial Projections:

  • Startup Costs: Outline initial investment requirements, including infrastructure, inventory, and marketing expenses.
  • Revenue Forecast: Projected sales based on market research and growth projections.
  • Expense Estimates: Anticipated operating costs, including labor, logistics, and overheads.
  • Profitability: Determine the break-even point and expected profitability over the first three years.

8. Legal Considerations:

  • Business Registration: Obtain all necessary licenses and permits to operate legally.
  • Health and Safety Compliance: Adhere to food safety regulations and standards.

9. Risk Assessment:

  • Market Fluctuations: Potential fluctuations in demand and prices due to changing market trends and seasons.
  • Competition: Competing with established players in the industry.
  • Supply Chain Disruptions: Risks associated with the supply and quality of produce from local farmers.

10. Conclusion: FreshHarvest aims to become a leading supplier of high-quality, fresh vegetables and fruits, making a positive impact on the health and well-being of our customers and supporting local farmers. By executing a well-planned marketing strategy, maintaining top-notch products, and providing exceptional customer service, we envision a successful and sustainable future for our vegetable and fruits business in [City] and beyond.

Remember that this is just a template for a business plan. You'll need to customize it with more specific details based on your location, market research, and financial projections. Additionally, seeking advice from experts or mentors in the agriculture and business fields can further enhance your business plan and chances of success.

 


GLOBAL MARKET OVERVIEW GINGER

The global ginger market is currently facing challenges, with uncertainties and shortages affecting different regions. As the ginger season transitions, traders are faced with fluctuating prices and varying qualities, causing unpredictability in the Dutch market. Germany, on the other hand, is experiencing undersupply issues due to lower volumes and unsatisfactory ginger quality from China, while anticipating the impact of upcoming harvests from Brazil and Peru.

Some of the harvest from Peru, however, has been destroyed upon arrival in Germany, due to the bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum being found. In Italy, lower supply is pushing up prices, with concerns about a major arrival of ginger from China to stabilize the market. Meanwhile, South Africa is contending with a severe ginger shortage caused by Cyclone Freddy's aftermath, leading to soaring prices and uncertainties about future availability. In North America, the situation is mixed, with Brazil and Peru shipping ginger, but concerns linger over possible reductions in future shipments, while China's ginger volumes remain shrouded in mystery.

Netherlands: Uncertainties in ginger market
The ginger season is currently in transition from the old to the new season. "That creates uncertainties. People don't give prices so easily. Sometimes the ginger seems very expensive and another time it is not too bad. The prices of Chinese ginger are somewhat under pressure and from Peru and Brazil the market has been fairly stable in recent weeks. However, the differences in quality are big and sometimes this does result in a price difference of 4-5 euros per box," says a Dutch importer.

Germany: Shortages expected this season
The German market is currently somewhat undersupplied, says one importer. "In China, there are lower volumes available and the qualities aren’t that satisfying in general, which is reflected in correspondingly high prices. The Brazilian export season will first gain importance around late August-early September." In Costa Rica, the ginger season has already ended, while only smaller quantities can be imported from Nicaragua. It remains to be seen how the Peruvian harvest will develop this year, the importer adds. "They reduced the area under cultivation by about 40 percent last year, and they're also currently battling a bacterium in the crop."

Demand has been slightly increasing since last week, he says, likely due to the colder temperatures in Germany. This usually boosts sales, he stresses.

Italy: Lower supply than usual pushes up prices
Three countries are the main ginger exporters to Europe: Brazil, China and Peru. The Thai product is also present.

Until two weeks ago, ginger was very expensive. According to a wholesaler in northern Italy, there are several reasons for this: the climate in the producing countries and, above all, the Covid-19 situation in China. From the middle/end of August, the situation should change: prices at origin seem to be falling at the moment. "We went from 3,400 dollars a tonne 15 days ago to 2,800 on 17 July. For a 5 kg box of Chinese ginger, we have to expect 22-23 € on the market. We are talking about more than 4 €/kg. Domestic demand in China has fallen and there is still stock available because the new campaign starts between December and January". Prices for Brazilian ginger are also high: €25 for the product leaving Brazil in a 13 kg box, €40-45 when sold in Europe.

According to another operator from northern Italy, there is less ginger coming into Italy than usual, and what is there is quite expensive. Now the product comes mainly from South America and is not cheap. There is a shortage of ginger from China, which usually normalises prices. In consumer shops you can find conventional Peruvian ginger at 6 €/kg or organic ginger at 12 €/kg. A major arrival of ginger from China is not yet expected to bring down current prices.

South Africa: Cyclone Freddy causes ginger shortage
In February and March this year, Cyclone Freddy the longest-lived tropical storm ever (lasting over 5 weeks!) caused severe flooding and the ginger market now sees its result on the ginger crop grown in the northeast of South Africa and in Mozambique.

Ginger is very scarce, says a ginger trader at Johannesburg market, and not only the rhizomes for consumption but the plant material too – with the heavy rains and a prolonged period of waterlogged soils, ginger growers had lost their propagation crop too.

Fresh ginger is selling for very high prices: “For 5kg I’d say about R450 [22.4 euros], that R80 [4 euros] per kilo.”

The large South African retailers are reportedly also short on ginger.

The market agent wonders whether he will have ginger beyond November. Ginger is primarily commercially grown around Hazyview and Kiepersol, Mpumalanga.

Importing ginger from China has become more expensive than it used to be; post-Covid, China consumes more ginger. South Africa usually imports ginger from China and Thailand.

North America: Can ginger pricing stay strong?
The Brazilian ginger season is underway with reduced volumes this year. One shipper just received its second batch of containers of ginger this week and says the season should go until late November-December. “The season was delayed because nobody wanted to ship too early and have quality issues, especially with product that’s much more expensive than in the past,” says the shipper.

In turn, pricing has reached over $30 FOB Brazil. Last year at this time, pricing was at $16-$18 FOB. “The growers raised the prices because of the low supply,” says the shipper, noting that demand is steady right now but should pick up in September.

Peru is also shipping ginger currently, though shipments could possibly reduce in the next few weeks which means pricing could reach the high $20s, up from the $21-$22 that Peruvian pricing is currently at. China is also shipping ginger though how much is a mystery. Pricing for Chinese ginger is also higher than pricing on Brazilian or Peruvian ginger

Peru: Peruvian ginger destroyed in Germany
Ginger shipments from Junín, Peru, have been incinerated in Germany due to bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum found in ginger shipments.

A producer and exporter stated that the European Union is conducting more frequent analyses, and he fears if the detection of Ralstonia continues, it could result in sanctions, market restrictions, and ultimately the closure of the market for Peruvian ginger.

SENASA, Peru's National Agrarian Health Service, has issued a letter to ginger packers with specific instructions to not include ginger from unknown origin in shipments and to refrain from accepting ginger from washers.

He warns supermarkets and wholesalers to make sure they buy ginger from reputable and verifiable exporters who do not source from the many washers who are believed to be unregistered. He stated while the Peruvian authorities only authorised about 40 pack houses there’s reportedly 100 who are exporting ginger.

For the next two weeks, we will be taking a break. We will return on August 11 with Global Market Overview Potatoes!

The Egyptian mango campaign Kicks-off

 

The whistle blows for the Egyptian mango season. From July 20 to almost the end of the year, Egyptian exporters offer their calendars to over 50 countries where these mangoes are shipped. According to Abdullah Elrehiewy, CEO of Royal Foods, "Mangoes have become the emblem of summer fruits in Egypt and have a worldwide hype".

Elrehiewy tells the saga of Egyptian mangoes: "Mohamed Ali Pasha, ruler of Egypt between 1805 and 1848, brought mango seedlings to Egypt from Southeast Asia, where they were very popular at the time. Today, Egypt produces over 200 varieties of mango, with a wide range of aesthetic and taste characteristics. The most popular Egyptian varieties are Awees, Fas, Taymour, Alfons, Hendi Menshawi, Kobania, Zebda, Mabrouka, Arnaba, Awees, and Sedika. Among foreign varieties, Kent, Keitt, Heidi, Naomi, Tommy Atkins, and R2E2 are the most widely grown. According to data from the Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation in 2020, the total area devoted to mango cultivation in Egypt was 310,019 feddans (1 feddan = 0.42 ha) for a total production of 1,203,743 tons. I estimate that current production is around 2,000,000 tonnes and will continue to rise. Fresh Egyptian mangoes are considered the tastiest compared with mangoes from other countries, and good quality products always have buyers."

On the demand side, Elrehiewy explains: "According to statistics, Egyptian mangoes are exported to over 50 countries. At Royal Foods, we think carefully about which countries we export to. We realize that we can't work all over the world, and we don't want to dilute our business."

Royal Foods' choice of market reflects the level of profitability and preference of Egyptian exporters. "We have focused our mango business on Europe, the Gulf countries, and Russia. We will intensify our sales activities in the Gulf countries, as we see huge untapped potential there, but our other markets will not stagnate. Our approach to the Gulf market will be precise, with targeted campaigns. Each market requires a particular approach, and as the Gulf countries are similar to Egypt in terms of taste for fruit, I'm sure we'll achieve even better sales results than those we're already achieving there.

Competition in the mango sector is tough, with high volumes, a diversity of origins, and simultaneous export calendars, yet Elrehiewy is confident. He says: "Mangoes are produced all over the world, from South and Central America to India, China, Vietnam... But fresh Egyptian mangoes, and I quote research by specialists, are the tastiest compared to mangoes from other countries. It has a very recognizable and tempting sweet taste, a distinctive fruity smell, good looks, and high nutritional value. It contains the amino acid tryptophan, which contributes to the creation of serotonin, the "happiness hormone". Is there any greater competitive advantage?"

"We start our campaign on July 20, and welcome demand. Our customer portfolio consists mainly of contracted partners, major supermarket chains, and wholesalers. I'm lucky to have a great team who share my vision of development to 2030. We are constantly witnessing sudden changes in the market, but fortunately, we adapt very skilfully and nimbly to all changes in the market, which translates into new customers and new orders," rejoices Elrehiewy. A recent example of these sudden changes, which range from commercial volatility to climate hazards, was the sandstorm that hit Egypt in June, just before the start of the season, and which had a particular impact on mango growers.

Despite the adverse weather conditions, Royal Foods expects to record growth in its mango sector, announces Elrehiewy. "We emerged unscathed from the sandstorm that hit parts of the country, and I would like to express my deep regret to the growers who were affected. We anticipate an increase in the volume of our produce this season, including mangoes, and we have good visibility since the majority of our exports are under contract."

Elrehiewy concluded, "We've been in this business for over 15 years, and our customers continue to place their trust in us. We pay great attention to all business inputs, such as seedlings, packaging, logistics, etc., and our strength resides in having a strong team with a passion for fruit and vegetables, supported by an international team of experts from different cultures and regions. It's not an easy job, but we see the fruits of our efforts."

For more information:
Abdullah Elrehiewy
Royal Foods for Export
Tel: +20 111 120 1208
Email: abdullah@royalfoods.co
www.royalfoods.co

GLOBAL MARKET OVERVIEW LIMES

 

Lime markets worldwide are in a shift, with prices rising and supplies struggling to keep up, as they face an array of influential factors, including phytosanitary. In the Netherlands, lime importers assure that there will be no shortage of limes during the summer season, following a period of oversupply and low prices. Meanwhile, Italy is witnessing a slow recovery in lime prices after a surplus of product led to significant drops. Reduced import volumes from Brazil and increased demand from tourist locations are contributing to the price improvement. In South Africa, the lime season is winding down due to wintry weather, while in North America, Mexican lime crops are being affected by high temperatures and humidity, resulting in smaller sizes and decreased availability of premium grades. Additionally, Argentina is facing challenges in exporting limes, primarily due to transit times and insufficient volume. Lastly, Brazil's Tahiti lime export sector is under threat from the citrus canker bacterium, with increased detections of infected fruits in the European Union, posing a risk to ongoing shipments. The government is taking measures to ensure the continuation of Tahiti Acid Lima exports. How markets will continue to develop as summer continues in the Northern Hemisphere remains to be seen.

Netherlands: No shortage of limes expected this summer

"After a difficult June month with far too much supply of limes on the European market and therefore very low prices, we see that partly due to slightly lower volumes, prices are improving again, however, there are enough limes available and we do not expect any shortages this summer," says a Dutch importer.

Italy: Reduced import volumes from Brazil raise low prices
After a month and a half of low prices for lime, the market is slowly recovering. As one wholesaler from the north of Italy says, "until a week ago, prices were very low due to the surplus of product. In the first days of July, limes cost €6 per pack (about €1.5/kg), while in week 27 they reached €10 per pack. Despite this, prices are still low compared to production and logistics costs," he says. According to the trader, demand will increase even more in the coming days because lime is used a lot in tourist locations, especially in summer. In Europe, most of the lime arrives in the port of Rotterdam, after a four-week journey by ship. "The most popular product is the bright green one: when it sits too long in the warehouses, and turns a yellowish colour, it becomes depreciated."

"Until about ten days ago, the selling price of Brazilian limes was around €5 per 4.5 kg pack, or a little more than €1.00/kg," adds another wholesaler from northern Italy. "Now we are seeing a slight recovery, partly due to the rains in Brazil, which have greatly reduced export volumes. The current selling price is around €8.00-8.50 per pack. Containers of limes arriving in Europe this week (the 28th of 2023) are about 120. In 15 days' time, just over 70 are expected, so almost half." Another main origin currently on the market is Mexico. Smaller volumes from Colombia and Vietnam play a complementary role. "The Mexican lime always registers at least €0.50 more than the Brazilian product."

Also confirming the low prices until a fortnight ago is a wholesaler from southern Italy. "Market prices were at less than €1,00/kg for the product from South America. Since this week, prices seem to be recovering. A trend that we have been noticing in the last couple of years is the preference of the markets for Brazilian lime over Mexican lime."

South Africa: Wintery weather ends South African lime season
Recent icy temperatures in South Africa and snow in the high-lying areas of the subtropical northeast, will bring a close to the fresh lime season as limes turn yellow and are sent for juicing.

Limes are a summer fruit, peaking in December when the average municipal market price is around R7 (0.34 euro) per kilogram. Currently at the tail-end of the season, a kilogram of limes can fetch R25 (1.23 euro) at the municipal market.

In November when there aren’t South African limes available, Brazilian limes are imported. There has been some expansion in lime orchards in South Africa, but since it’s not possible to compete with Brazil on lime exports, most production is for the domestic market which can, however, easily be saturated. Most commonly planted is the Bearss or Persian lime.

There was high production over the past season and the fresh market was quite full. The restaurant and hospitality sector has picked up after COVID-19, which is very good news for the popular cocktail fruit.

North America: Heat, humidity cause greater shrink in Mexican lime packouts for North America
High temperatures and humidity are impacting the Mexican lime crop.

While the crop looks to be larger than last year at this time, the weather is impacting packouts.

This is because the limes are turning quicker, have a shorter shelf life and aren’t growing to larger sizes. Other issues include some thinner skins and lighter colour and the orchards can’t be kept clean since the grass helps mitigate tree stress.

To manage the issue, the shipper is trying to hold fruit slightly longer in cooling in Mexico to avoid subsequent repacks. “However it’s hard to sit on limes for a few days with the demand,” says one shipper, adding that the price jumped recently by about $10.

Ultimately, there’s going to be less volume available for #1 grade. “We see an estimated 35-55 percent shrink when limes are packaged into a Fancy pack which causes the price to increase by 35-55 percent,” says the shipper. Fancy limes will be more expensive while 110/150/175s will be limited.

Mexico: Limes expected to be supplied year round
The harvest of Persian limes for the months of July to September is ready to go to the main important markets of the U.S. and Europe, said one grower exporter.

A large producer in Jalisco, Mexico with 1,200 hectares, 800 of key lime and 400 of Persian lime expect their harvest season to be year-round, with their high production season starting from September to January. Their main market is the local market and the United States, mainly McAllen. They also send another part of their production to the state of Colima. The prices they receive in the U.S. are about $18-$20 per box of 40 pounds.

Argentina: Challenging lime season
Argentina’s citrus sector is finding the season challenging with very little limes exported. One grower and exporter said they have only exported two pallets per container for a customer's specific request. The rest of their limes are sold in the local market. “This is mainly due to the long transit time and lack of volume - so we did not export limes.”

Brazil: Export of Brazilian limes to the EU possibly at risk
Xanthomonas citri, the bacterium responsible for citrus canker, is posing a significant threat to Brazil's Tahiti lime export sector, according to an acid lime producer from Brazil. Over the past four years, the rapid rise in detections of infected fruits in the European Union, which is subject to strict quarantine measures for international trade, is jeopardizing the ongoing shipment of fruits. In fact, the Government of Sao Paulo confirmed that "with the aim of ensuring and guaranteeing the export of Tahiti Acid Lima to the European Union, agronomists from the Agricultural Defense Coordination (CDA) of the Ministry of Agriculture and Supply (SAA) monitored between June 22 and July 6 tax auditors of the European bloc. During the mission that audited the Production and Consolidation Units (packing houses), the team visited the three main exporting regions of the State of São Paulo in an audit that also included the participation of a team from the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock (MAPA)”. In the coming months, the report with the evaluation of the auditors will be published.

Until May of this year, the State of São Paulo had exported 44,000 tons of limes, a figure that corresponded to almost 39 million dollars.

Why Soil Testing is Essential Before Planting


Today, I want to emphasize the importance of soil testing before embarking on any planting endeavor. As horticulturalists, we strive for optimal growth and yield, and understanding the soil's composition is a crucial step towards achieving that goal. Join me as I highlight the key reasons why soil testing should be an integral part of every horticulturalist's toolkit.



1️⃣ Nutrient Analysis: Soil testing provides valuable insights into the nutrient content of your soil. By understanding the nutrient levels, pH balance, and organic matter content, you can tailor your fertilizer application to the specific needs of your plants. This knowledge empowers you to create a customized nutrient management plan, ensuring that your plants receive the ideal combination of essential elements for healthy growth.

2️⃣ pH Adjustment: Soil pH plays a significant role in determining nutrient availability. Certain plants thrive in acidic soils, while others prefer alkaline conditions. By conducting a soil test, you can assess your soil's pH and make appropriate adjustments to create an optimal environment for your plants. Correcting the pH level will enhance nutrient uptake, maximize plant growth, and minimize the risk of nutrient deficiencies or toxicities.

3️⃣ Disease and Pest Management: Soil testing can help identify potential disease or pest issues before they become major problems. Some soilborne pathogens and pests are specific to certain soil types or pH ranges. By analyzing your soil, you can anticipate and address these challenges preemptively, implementing suitable preventive measures or selecting resistant plant varieties. This proactive approach can significantly reduce the risk of crop loss and save you both time and resources.

4️⃣ Environmental Sustainability: Soil testing promotes sustainable horticultural practices. By understanding your soil's composition, you can minimize unnecessary fertilizer applications, reduce the potential for nutrient leaching, and prevent environmental contamination. This knowledge empowers you to adopt a targeted approach to fertilization, minimizing the negative impact on surrounding ecosystems while maximizing plant health and productivity.


5️⃣ Cost-Effectiveness: Soil testing may seem like an additional expense, but it is a worthy investment in the long run. By tailoring your fertilization practices based on soil test results, you can optimize your fertilizer usage, avoiding excessive or insufficient application. This precision not only improves plant health but also saves you money by reducing fertilizer waste and minimizing the need for corrective measures due to nutrient imbalances.

Let's embrace soil testing as an integral part of our horticultural practices and unlock the full potential of our green endeavors! 🌿💪


 

The key steps to control post-harvest losses in agriculture

 Controlling loss after the post-harvest stage is crucial for preserving the quality and value of agricultural produce. Here are several steps you can take to minimize loss:



1. Prompt Harvesting: Harvest crops at the appropriate maturity stage to prevent overripening or deterioration in quality. Delayed harvesting can lead to spoilage and increased loss.


2. Proper Handling: Handle harvested crops with care to avoid physical damage. Use suitable containers, bins, or crates that provide ventilation and prevent bruising or crushing during transportation.


3. Sorting and Grading: Sort the harvested produce to remove damaged, diseased, or inferior-quality items. Grading the produce based on size, color, and other quality parameters allows you to target specific markets and increase the value of the crop.


4. Cleaning and Washing: Remove dirt, debris, and external contaminants from the produce through gentle cleaning and washing methods. This helps maintain its appearance and reduces the risk of microbial growth.


5. Temperature Management: Control the temperature and humidity of the storage environment. Most crops have specific temperature requirements for optimal storage. Use refrigeration, evaporative cooling, or other suitable methods to maintain the desired conditions and slow down the aging process.


6. Packaging: Select appropriate packaging materials that provide protection from physical damage, light exposure, and moisture. Packaging should be durable, breathable, and resistant to pests and diseases. Proper labeling with product information and handling instructions is also essential.


7. Storage Conditions: Store the produce in suitable facilities such as cool rooms, cold storage, or controlled atmosphere storage. These facilities help extend the shelf life of the crops by slowing down the ripening process and inhibiting the growth of spoilage microorganisms.


8. Monitoring and Inspection: Regularly inspect the stored produce for signs of spoilage, decay, or pest infestation. Remove any damaged or rotting items to prevent the spread of deterioration.


9. Quality Control Measures: Implement quality control procedures to monitor the condition and quality of the stored produce. This may include regular sampling, testing, and visual inspection to identify any potential issues.


10. Proper Transportation: Use appropriate transportation methods to deliver the produce to its destination. Ensure that vehicles are clean, well-maintained, and equipped with suitable temperature control mechanisms to avoid temperature fluctuations and physical damage during transit.


11. Training and Education: Provide training to farmers, harvesters, handlers, and storage personnel on best practices for post-harvest management. Educate them about the importance of proper handling, storage, and quality control to minimize losses.


By following these steps, you can significantly reduce post-harvest losses and maintain the quality of agricultural produce, leading to improved marketability and profitability.

Growing vegetables successfully

 Growing vegetables successfully requires careful planning, proper soil preparation, regular maintenance, and appropriate watering and feeding. Here are some general steps to help you grow vegetables successfully:




1. Choose the right location: Most vegetables require at least six hours of direct sunlight per day. Select a spot in your garden that receives adequate sunlight and has well-drained soil.


2. Prepare the soil: Test the soil pH and make amendments if necessary to ensure it is in the optimal range for vegetable growth. Add organic matter like compost or well-rotted manure to improve soil structure, fertility, and drainage.


3. Plan your garden layout: Consider the space requirements and growth habits of different vegetables. Group plants with similar water and nutrient needs together to make maintenance easier. Use companion planting techniques to maximize space and deter pests naturally.


4. Start with quality seeds or seedlings: Purchase high-quality seeds from reputable suppliers or start your plants from seed indoors. If using seedlings, choose healthy ones with strong stems and leaves.


5. Plant at the right time: Consult a local gardening guide or consult your agricultural extension service to determine the best planting dates for different vegetables in your region. Some vegetables are best started indoors and transplanted later, while others can be directly sown into the garden.


6. Provide proper care: Water your vegetables regularly, keeping the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Mulch around the plants to conserve moisture, suppress weeds, and regulate soil temperature. Regularly remove weeds to prevent competition for nutrients and space. Fertilize the plants with a balanced organic or slow-release fertilizer according to the specific needs of each vegetable.


7. Pest and disease management: Monitor your plants regularly for signs of pests or diseases. Identify and address problems early to prevent them from spreading. Consider using organic pest control methods like companion planting, natural predators, and organic sprays when necessary.


8. Harvest at the right time: Harvest vegetables at their peak ripeness to enjoy the best flavor and nutritional value. Different vegetables have different maturity indicators, so consult gardening resources for specific guidance on when to harvest each crop.

9. Rotate crops: To prevent soil depletion and the buildup of pests and diseases, practice crop rotation. Rotate your vegetable crops each year, moving them to different parts of the garden or using a three-year rotation plan.


10. Keep learning: Gardening is an ongoing learning process. Stay curious, read books and online resources, join gardening communities, and learn from experienced gardeners. Adapt your techniques and practices based on your observations and experiences.


Remember that every vegetable has specific requirements, so it's important to research and understand the needs of the vegetables you want to grow. Tailor your approach based on your local climate, soil conditions, and available resources.

GLOBAL MARKET OVERVIEW RASPBERRIES

Weather and labor remain two key talking points this raspberry season. In the Netherlands, raspberry prices remain stable but not exceptionally high, prompting concerns among growers due to increased picking costs. Germany is experiencing a rise in regional raspberry production, competing with imports from various countries. Lower Saxony, an important growing region, benefits from extended harvesting seasons and enhanced fruit quality due to innovative cultivation methods. The UK raspberry season commenced slightly later than anticipated, with an abundance of supply creating uncertainty regarding demand.

 

In France, domestic raspberry consumption struggles to compete against imported varieties while producers focus on increasing in-store promotions. Italy looks forward to a good raspberry season, with regions such as Vinschgau, Piedmont, and Sicily delivering exceptional quality. Spain faces lower raspberry volumes, leading to higher prices for growers, while Serbia grapples with a lower harvest due to adverse weather conditions.

Ukrainian raspberry growers experience low prices, highlighting the need for improved infrastructure and cold chain management. The North American market is facing a lack of supply this season due to the low production in Mexico caused by hot weather.

Netherlands: Raspberry prices not overly high
Prices of Dutch raspberries are currently at a level of around 1.30 euros for 125 grams. "Not overly high," observes a Dutch fruit trader. "Raspberries are a fairly labor-intensive crop, and with the increased picking costs, growers will not be overly happy with this. Dutch supply is plentiful. At the same time, demand, including in German-speaking countries, is reasonably level." However, according to the fruit trader, increasing volumes of raspberries are coming from Poland, where investments are also being made in better varieties such as Lagorai.

Belgium: Recent heat holds back top raspberry productions
The Belgian supply of raspberries is still relatively limited at the moment. While in many countries, production has already started in full swing, in Belgium, the recent warm weather has meant that top productions are still away. "Because of the heat, the plants have gone into a kind of survival mode, which means that the volumes are not yet at an exceptional level. It's also resulting in relatively higher prices for the time of year, because they do have a lot of demand during the summer. In the coming weeks, the market is expected to ease somewhat."

Germany: Production increase in Lower Saxony
For raspberries, traders have been able to fall back on regional outdoor products for around three weeks; before that, there were already tunnel and greenhouse raspberries. "At the moment, sales seem to be falling somewhat, which is precisely due to the fact that the vacation season in several regions has already begun. However, prices are still mostly firm and stable with an average demand, a trader confirms. The domestic soft fruit would be in direct competition with imported goods from numerous countries. "Not only growing countries such as Portugal and Morocco are still represented on the market, but also overseas countries such as South Africa and Mexico. This is definitely noticeable in marketing. Meanwhile, the first goods from Poland and Serbia are hitting the market.

Due to new cultivation methods, raspberries in the important growing area of Lower Saxony can now be harvested from May until September. In 2022, 192 tons of raspberries were harvested outdoors in Lower Saxony. The current weather, warm temperatures, and sunshine suggest very good fruit quality on the farms. In recent years, the cultivation of raspberries has increasingly shifted from the open field to protected cultivation: "This allows us to offer the food trade consistent quantities and qualities, regardless of the weather," explained a growing consultant.

UK: Midlands earliest raspberry-producing region this year
The eagerly anticipated UK raspberry season began in mid-May, albeit around 10 days later than expected. "We are now in full production," said a representative from a grower's organization. "Traditionally, our Kent growers will be first, then we move up the country, but this season has seen an untypical spread with growers in the midlands having an earlier than usual season."

However, there is currently a higher supply of raspberries than the demand requires. It remains uncertain whether this surplus is due to an oversupply in the market or if the ongoing cost-of-living crisis is affecting consumer demand.

In recent years, there has been a modest increase in the total acreage dedicated to raspberry cultivation in the UK. This expansion, coupled with the introduction of new varieties and improved growing techniques, has contributed to increased production. As a result, retailers have adjusted their marketing strategies, opting for larger pack sizes and reduced prices per kilo instead of frequent 2-for-1 offers. While this benefits consumers, it does impact the returns received by growers.

As for the overall outlook for the season, it is still too early to determine its success. Typically, demand from Scottish consumers is robust, as they have a preference for locally grown berries. At present, the labor supply appears to be adequate. However, the main challenge lies in the diverse origin of the workforce, with language barriers sometimes hindering productivity. Additionally, fewer returning workers pose an additional obstacle to maintaining productivity in the fields.

France: Consumption of domestic raspberries still low
At the beginning of July, all raspberry production regions in France are now active. With average temperatures in May, it has not been an early year, as was the case in 2022. The last high-altitude regions started up last week, the campaign has also begun in the north and is in full swing in the Rhône-Alpes and south-west regions.

From this week onwards, raspberry volumes should intensify and further swell supermarket shelves in France. Unfortunately, in terms of marketing, French raspberries are still encountering difficulties due to the large number of imported raspberries on supermarket shelves, competing with French origin. The rate of consumption of French-origin raspberries is only 15%. In other words, 85% of raspberries consumed in France come from abroad. The biggest challenge in marketing French raspberries is to open lines in supermarkets and keep them there. Like strawberries, raspberries are a very weather-sensitive crop, with production peaks and troughs. At certain times, it can therefore be difficult to supply the lines, which does not encourage supermarkets to reduce imports in favor of domestic produce.

What is certain, however, is that the French are eating more and more raspberries, if we look at consumption over the last few years. To boost consumption, in-store promotions are planned in the weeks corresponding to production peaks.

Quality was quite good at the beginning of the campaign but unfortunately came up against a strong development of Drosophila Suzuki, a fly that causes damage and deteriorates quality. The impact of this fly varies from one production basin to another.

Italy: Portuguese raspberries extremely competitive on the Italian market
Raspberries are the second most cultivated soft fruit in the Vinschgau (surpassed in quantity only by strawberries); they are planted at an altitude between 900 and 1,700 meters above sea level. Approximately 30 tonnes of product are available from July, with very high quality is expected. An operator from the north of Italy explains that a lot of production comes from the high mountains. His raspberry plants are located up to 1400 meters above sea level. The harvest, in his case, started about ten days ago and will continue, in a gradual way, until the first frost at the end of October. The quality is good as all the produce is protected by tunnels. The raspberries are packed in 30x40 cm boxes, 8 baskets with a total weight of 1 kg per box. The customers are mostly wholesale markets in northern and central Italy. The price in recent days has been around 8-10 €/kg.

In Piedmont, the raspberry harvest started in May. "The volumes being harvested at the moment are very limited. Our plants are re-flowering, so we will have about 15 days between the first harvest cycle of May June and the second," explains an operator. "In May and June, sales got off to a good start, with quotations of about 9-10 euro/kg for the product destined for retailers and even higher prices in the wholesale markets. At the end of June, our raspberry sales were around 6 €/kg, and then rose again this week (the 27th of 2023) to 8 €/kg." In the Italian wholesale markets in mid-June, raspberries of Portuguese origin were also sold at a prevailing price of 18.50 €/colli against 20 €/colli for the Italian product. "The Portuguese raspberry was extremely competitive in terms of prices, and the same was seen on blueberries," he continues. "Products from Poland, the Netherlands, and Belgium will also start arriving soon. These are countries that have been investing in soft fruit for years and are already well established in our markets."

This year's Sicilian raspberry campaign has lasted over a month and will end at the end of July. There has been great satisfaction for the producers right from the start. "We started harvesting at full strength at the beginning of January and have continued practically without interruption," says a grower. "Our top variety is called 'Shani' and is highly suitable for our hilly areas. We recorded a few brief episodes of mold in May due to the wet and rainy weather. We intervened with antagonistic fungi. The sales season was quite satisfactory. In January, we had production prices of 12-13 €/kg. These prices held up until April when they dropped to 7-8 €/kg. Currently, quotations are around 6-7 €/kg."

Spain: Low volumes offset by high prices for growers
The Spanish raspberry campaign has practically ended, with less volumes sold than in the previous campaign. Until the end of April, the estimated average decrease in volume was 21%, according to data provided by marketers in the sector. As a result of the lower supply, prices received by the grower exceed the average of recent years. By week 24, almost the total volume expected for the campaign was already marketed, according to the average results of the three previous campaigns. Spanish raspberry prices in the wholesale market of Rungis in France went from 12,80€/kg to 10,70€/kg (125gr trays) in the last 4 weeks of the campaign, which is a higher average than the two previous seasons.

South Africa: Limited supply causes a gap in the market
South Africa's raspberry season picks up in September, but there is some year-round production from the Southern Cape. However, a buyer of frozen raspberries says volumes are very low at the moment; there is a good export market for frozen South African raspberries.

"Raspberries are very difficult to grow, so there definitely is a gap in the market due to the limited supply. The demand is there locally! We would love to plant more, but the limitation is genetics," says a grower in the Southern Cape, who will start harvesting in October.

Serbia: Low raspberry harvest due to poor weather
Due to heavy late spring and early summer rain, this 2023 season's fresh raspberry harvest is lower, with very little aimed at exports. It is also mostly sold on the local market according to a large grower. Frozen raspberry stocks from last season are still very high, with about 25,000 tons not exported, which has caused prices to be substantially lower for both fresh and frozen raspberries.

A large grower and exporter has warned the local industry: "We can no longer rely on the climate. I have taken precautions with big investments in infrastructure as well as the cold chain. During difficult times such as this year, you have to make more investments while your margins will be lower. This means it will cost you maybe double your production costs, but you need to do everything to make sure you technically overcome these challenges. It rains, and there is sun everywhere. Serbian producers need to understand the days of picking and storing without a proper cold chain are over."

Ukraine: Low prices for Ukrainian raspberries
The lower limit of purchase prices for raspberries from the small growers fell below the psychological barrier of 50 US cents p/kg for the first time in Ukraine. In the raspberry growing regions, prices reached UAH 18/kg ($0.49), and there were even the first attempts to reduce prices down to UAH 17/kg ($0.46). However, at this price, there has not been a significant flow of people willing to deliver raspberries for processing. Prices in the upper price segment have also changed. At the beginning of the week, large suppliers managed to sell "class A" raspberries at prices of up to 35 UAH/kg ($0.95), but by the end of the week, the upper purchase bar for many processors dropped to 30 UAH/kg ($0.81).

Growing demand from the processors would have been a positive signal for the market under normal circumstances. However, a record raspberry harvest in Ukraine is unlikely to stabilize or support the current price level. Moreover, the summer raspberry season is just beginning, and Ukraine harvests the bulk of the raspberry crop from August till October.

North America: Tight supplies and high markets
Supplies of raspberries continue to be very short. "They're out of Mexico right now, and the heat has burnt up much of the crops, so it's a matter of trying to get enough of them," says one shipper, noting that this has been the supply situation for a few months.

Given the heat stress, that means it's key to keep a close eye on the fruit that is being shipped. "Usually when you see high markets like this, the envelope can be pushed on quality, and my customers are paying a lot of money so they're being very tough on quality," he says.

However, the high pricing on raspberries right now is also causing demand to be a bit off. "You're getting to price points where most people are going to have to retail them for $6.99-$7.99, and that really reduces demand," he says.

For now, the product will continue to come out of Mexico, though, within the month, it should transition up to California fruit. From there, production will continue to move north through the Pacific Northwest regions, including British Columbia, Canada.

Powered by Blogger.